The world is dependent on a range of different energy sources. In 2018 fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal, accounted for over 81 percent of the energy consumed. Renewables such as wind power, solar energy biomass, hydroelectricity and biomass are responsible for 14 percent. Nuclear energy is another 5 percent. Different countries employ different sources of energy to meet the needs of their economy and environmental concerns.
Energy is present in nature in a number of forms, including sunlight, wind, waves, oceans, and more. When harnessed and transformed into more efficient forms of energy, such as heat or electricity, these are known as primary sources. When those energies are exhausted, they become non-renewable energy sources.
The environment is harmed by many fossil fuels, in addition to other energy sources that aren’t renewable. For instance, oil mining, can destroy the planet’s virgin forests. Hydraulic fracturing (fracking) can cause earthquakes as well as water pollution. Burning coal releases carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming.
Fortunately some of the most promising energy sources are sustainable and renewable. Solar, wind and hydropower can, for example, generate electricity without the need to dig up new sources.
Tidal and Wave Power are the other sustainable energy sources that are emerging. In order to be utilized at large scale, these sources of energy require efficient distribution networks. This requires the use non-renewable energy sources to build these networks. These sources aren’t enough to provide the majority of our energy demands. However, it’s important to keep in mind that costs for renewable energy-related equipment have fallen significantly in the past few years, and efficiency is rising rapidly.
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